My ideas

Hybrid two-stroke engine, "liquid air engine"

This is an alternative to the internal combustion piston engine. The engine is powered by liquefied air or nitrogen. The heat needed to expand the liquefied air and perform the engine's work may be obtained by burning fuel in a separate combustion chamber. Hot exhaust gases are sucked into the engine's own working cylinder, where there are compressed, and then liquefied air is injected into the cylinder, where it rapidly expands and performs the work. Other sources of heat, for example thermosolar or geothermal heat, are also possible to use with this engine, especially for stationary installation of the engine.

The engine according to the proposed design can represent a low-emission alternative to the conventional piston internal combustion engine. This will be significantly contributed by continuous and thus efficient combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber, while using cryofluid as its own driving medium. The advantage of the engine may also be the simplicity of the design.

Fence element "Tetrapod"

This design is generally applicable to the construction of a mobile enclosure or fencing of a certain area. After repeated experiences with floods - currently the floods in my native region Sudetes 2024 - and the very inadequate preparedness of municipalities, public and private entities for such an event, I propose to use this element, for example, as a mobile flood protection structure.

Sandbags themselves are heavy, building a barrier from them is time-consuming, requires a significant number of people, and the effectiveness and durability of such built barrier in a time crunch is at least questionable. The logistics of such an event are also very problematic, especially with regard to the need to transport a large amount of sand to the site - which in such a situation is a difficult problem to solve. The streets are usually filled with passing private and company cars at such a time, and it can be difficult or impossible to get from the place where the sand is stored to the places where the barrier is deployed in a timely manner.

Therefore, I propose to use, for example, the tetrapod instead of problematic and outdated sandbags. This is combined with better organization of transport to the site and the construction itself, which should be practiced in advance by the rescue system components, including the involvement of volunteers.

Flow heater

The invention relates to a flow induction fluid heater in which the kinetic energy of the flowing fluid is used to develop thermal energy for heating the fluid.

To heat the fluid flowing through the heater, it is possible to use eddy current induction through the movement of conductive material in the magnetic field of a magnet inside the heater, which subsequently develops Joule heat in the conductive material. This heat is then transferred to the fluid flowing through the heater.

In this embodiment, the movable conductive material is represented by a ball of conductive material, the magnetic field is then created by a set of permanent magnets. These are arranged in a so-called Halbach arrangement in the annular stator.

Electric heating element

The technical solution concerns an electric heating element, which can be used in particular in electric floor heating systems for households, residential and non-residential premises.

The electric heating element consists of two tiles, at least one thermoelectric or Peltier element, a thermal insulation insert and a supporting insert. Its essence lies in the fact that one tile is used as the upper walk-on and the other is used as the lower heat-exchanger, when both tiles are placed in the element with their surfaces essentially parallel according to the technical solution. At least one Peltier element is fixed in the space between the tiles, whose heat-exchange plates touch the surfaces of the tiles in the space between them, while the electrical terminals of the Peltier element are led out through the outer edge of the tiles.

Centripetal expansion turbine

Technical solution of a turbine with a centripetal flow of an expanding fluid. This turbine solution offers the so-called self-regulating ability, due to the centripetal flow and expansion of the working fluid. When the mechanical load on the turbine increases, it slows down, which results in an increase of the fluid flow through the turbine and thus an increase in power. When the turbine is unloaded, the turbine rotation accelerates, which results in a decrease in the fluid flow through the turbine and thus a decrease in power.

Triboelectric generator

The technical solution concerns a triboelectric generator, a device used to convert the pressure potential energy of a working fluid into electrical energy using the so-called Armstrong effect, in which static electricity is generated by friction of the working fluid.

The essence of a triboelectric generator is that the triboelectric cell is formed by a pair of electrodes, which are formed in the shape of essentially concentric annuli, separated by an electrically non-conductive gap, made of electrically conductive materials in a treatment that allows the passage of the working fluid through the input electrode and subsequently through the output electrode with a non-negligible pressure resistance.

The mounting body is formed by an essentially cylindrical body with an opening for the input and an opening for the output of the working fluid, while the triboelectric cell is placed inside the mounting body and rests with the lower surface of the electrodes of the triboelectric cell on the inner circular surface of the mounting body at the location of the opening for the input of the working fluid. The inner lid is formed by a circular plate, rests on the upper surface of the electrodes of the triboelectric cell and is mechanically fastened to the inner circular surface of the mounting body, thus closing the cylindrical space defined by the electrodes of the triboelectric cell and thus creating a high-pressure space at the inlet of the working fluid into the triboelectric cell and a low-pressure space at the outlet of the working fluid from the triboelectric cell.

The electrical outlets of the triboelectric cell pass through the walls of the mounting body through sealed insulated bushings and thus enable the output of electrical energy created in the triboelectric cell to the external space, so that the triboelectric generator according to the technical solution as a whole forms a flow-through device with a non-negligible pressure resistance, where the flow of the working fluid through the triboelectric generator through the electrodes of at least one triboelectric cell creates an electrostatic voltage due to the friction of the working fluid against the surfaces of the electrodes of the triboelectric cell, which is conducted for use via the electrical outlets.

Floating rotor for hydroelectric power plant

The proposed design of the hydroelectric power plant rotor is a hollow semi-closed cone with a system of blades located on the outer surface. Due to the cavity, the rotor has a lower specific gravity than water, and therefore, after reaching a certain minimum level of the water flow, it begins to float and float on the surface due to the buoyancy force. At the same time, the rotor is attached with its closed end to the rotor of the electric generator, which can be placed on a stationary pillar or on a bridge structure. The rotor begins to roll and rotate on the surface due to the pressure of the water flowing on the blades, and this rotational movement is transferred to the rotor of the electric generator.

The advantage of using a floating rotor may be its relative independence from the height of the water surface, when the rotor, due to its floating on the surface, performs its activity regardless of the current water level in the water flow.

Rotary piston engine, "quasiturbine"

The essence of the engine consists in the creation of a working chamber with a cavity of essentially cylindrical shape, inside which at least one rotary piston of essentially cylindrical shape is formed, which during operation rolls in the cavity of the working chamber so that the points on the circumference of the rotary piston describe a hypocycloid.

The integer ratio of the inner circumference of the cavity of the working chamber and the outer circumference of the rotary piston is maintained so that the working chamber and the rotary piston are provided with mutually cooperating gearing, where the number of teeth formed on the rotary piston and the working chamber maintains an integer ratio.

Furthermore, at least one input-output channel is formed in the body of the rotary piston, directed from the center of the rotary piston to its circumference, where it is open and opens into the cavity of the working chamber.

In the circular wall of the rotary piston, perpendicular to the axis of the rotary piston, at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening opening into the inlet-outlet channel are formed, and at the same time, in the circular wall of the working chamber, adjacent to the circular wall of the rotary piston with the inlet opening and the outlet opening, at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening for the inlet and outlet of the working fluid are formed.

Furthermore, in the central part of the rotary piston, substantially symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotary piston, an opening is formed into which the eccentric pin of the output shaft fits, through which the movement of the rotary piston, rolling in the cavity of the working chamber, is converted into the rotational movement of the output shaft.

Trash compactor

I created this design to address the bulkiness of plastic waste at its source - in homes, offices, or public spaces. Loosely stored plastic waste is unnecessarily bulky and light due to its properties. Using the designed trash compactor, its volume can be significantly reduced and at the same time the waste can be fixed in a mesh bag, which effectively limits unwanted leakage of the waste.

Hybrid-powered drone

This technical solution is a hybrid-powered drone (UAV). The basic drive unit is a powerful blower, driven by a brushless DC motor. The motor is powered by a compact accumulator. The blower sucks in air through an opening in the upper part of the drone. The air is then led to the middle part, the combustion chamber, where the liquid fuel tank is located. The fuel is gasified and sucked into the pumped air using the Venturi effect, then ignited. In the middle part, the hot exhaust gases are first led through a heat exchanger, through which the thermoelectric generator (TEG) modules are heated. The TEG is cooled by the fuel tank, or rather the vaporization heat of the fuel. The TEGs themselves then charge the accu, which can thus be significantly smaller and therefore lighter than drones powered only by the battery. The exhaust gases, after passing through the TEG exchangers, lose some of their heat and are then directed into the lower, expanding part of the drone. This creates the main thrust of the drone in the vertical direction.

The drone's horizontal direction is ensured by regulating the fuel flow into the individual segments of the combustion chamber in the middle part of the drone.

Building block "warmbrick"

The proposed design represents a building block that can be used for horizontal paving and for building vertical non-load-bearing walls.

An essential element of the proposed design is a closable cavity created in the block. This cavity can be filled with a substance with a high heat accumulation capacity, for example, a salt with a low melting point. Sodium sulfate decahydrate, so-called Glauber's salt, or a eutectic mixture of this salt and sodium chloride (Halite) can be used for this purpose.
The block created in this way represents an element of effective passive thermal protection of the space in which it will be used. Compared to a conventional concrete block of the same size, the "warmbrick" block has up to seven times the thermal capacity. It is therefore particularly suitable in places with high thermal stress, typically as paving or non-load-bearing walls in urban areas, where it will contribute to mitigating extremely high temperatures, especially in the summer months.

This design is currently protected by industrial design no. 37930.

Passive outdoor thermal protection, "heat equalizer"

Design of a technical solution for passive thermal protection - in this example, usable to balance extreme temperatures in a public space near a bench. Essentially a vertical water tank with a conical profile, ideally installed on the south side of a resting place with a bench. To increase the rate of heat exchange between the bench space and the tank, heat-conducting ribs are created, which can also extend under the paving on which the bench is built. The tank can be equipped with a permeable lid with suitable vegetation on top.

With a sufficient volume of the tank, the water in it will gradually absorb the local heat surplus over the summer. At the same time, heat will be removed from the upper open part of the tank through water evaporation. This will be assisted by vegetation, or the upper part of the tank can be equipped with a small wind-driven fan (Savonius type), which will increase the rate of evaporation. The water in the tank will need to be topped up - rainwater can be used to some extent for this. With the arrival of winter, the tank will keep the area around the bench warmer (depending on its volume) for a certain period of time, which can be used in particular for passive heating of the paving under the bench and thus reducing the risk of frost or delaying the time when ice forms in front of and under the bench due to low temperatures and precipitation.

On a larger scale, this design could be used, for example, along roads, as a passive protective element against overheating of the road in summer and at the same time shortening the time of its freezing in winter. The advantage of this solution is that it does not require an external energy source for its operation (except for water replenishment) and effectively uses part of the summer heat surplus to increase the comfort of the installation site in winter.

Homopolar electromotor

This design is based on the technical solution of the so-called "railgun", which is essentially a linear electric motor. The linear electrically conductive rails used in the railgun to supply electrical energy to a movable conductive body are arranged in two rings. The conductive bodies rest on them, which are attached to the central shaft by means of bearings and beams. By applying a direct current voltage between the rails, an electrical circuit is closed through the conductive bodies and the Lorentz force begins to act on the conductive bodies, which sets them in motion around the circumference of the rings. This movement is then transferred to the central shaft.